Bearings on IndustryNet

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There are thousands of sizes, shapes, and kinds of rolling bearings: ball bearings, roller bearings, needle bearings and tapered roller bearings are the major kinds. Sizes run from small enough to run miniature motors to huge bearings used to support rotating parts in hydroelectric power plants; these large bearings can be ten feet in diameter and require a crane to install. The most common sizes can easily be held in one hand and are used in things like electric motors.

Certainly the most useful bearings are ball bearings that are used to provide smooth, low friction motion in rotary applications. Ball bearings are able to provide high performance and long lifetime in order to transfer the load from the balls to the inner races. The balls have minimal contact with the inner and outer races due to their spherical shape and this allows them to spin smoothly.A disadvantage of ball bearings is that the balls can become "flattened" over time with too much pressure on the outer races leading to eventual failure. Therefore, it is very important that the load ratings and other parameters are monitored regularly.

Ball bearings are composed of four main parts: two rings, the rolling elements and the ball separator. Radial ball bearings and angular contact bearings have an inner and outer ring.

Radial ball bearings and angular contact bearings are designed to support loads perpendicular to the axis of rotation, referred to as radial loads. The outer race mounts into a housing and is stationary. This part also aids in the transfer of the radial load from the bearing to the housing.The inner race mounts onto a rotating shaft and supports and guides the shaft during rotation.

The rolling elements carry the load and distribute it throughout the raceways. The rolling elements rotate around the inner race, but not at the same speed as the rotation of the inner race.

The separator acts as a barrier between the balls preventing them from bumping into each other. Thrust bearings are designed to support loads parallel to the axis of rotation, referred to as axial loads. Thrust ball bearings have two rings of equal size.

Optimum bearing life is obtained when the balls and raceways have absolute minimal surface contact supplemented with proper lubrication.Loads for ball bearings are subject to static or dynamic loads, as well as axial or radial loads.This means four variables need to be accounted for to determine working loads for a bearing.Ball bearings can handle substantially more radial and dynamic loads than axial and static loads.

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